As we all know, the main purpose of information systems is to process data into knowledge and get the right information to the right people at the right time in the right amount and in the right format.
A Business Process: a collection of related activities that produce a product
or a service of value to the organization, its business partners, and/or its customers.
Business Process Management: a management technique that includes methods and
tools to support the design, analysis, implementation, management, and optimization
of business processes.
Data Items: description of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored but not organized to convey any specific meaning. Data can be numbers, letters, figures, sounds or images.
Information: data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient. For example, a result of exam for a student is data, but Ahmed result of exam is information.
Knowledge: is the information or data that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, and expertise as they apply to a current business problem.
Information Technology Architecture: a high-level plan or map of the information assets in an organization. It’s a guide for current operations and a blueprint for future directions.
Information Technology Infrastructure: consists of the physical facilities, IT components, IT services, and IT personnel that support the entire organization.
IT components: consist of hardware, software, telecommunications and networks, and wireless communications.
IT services: consist of data management, managing security and risk, and systems development.
IT personnel use IT components to produce IT services.
IT components are basically synonymous with the IT platform.
IT infrastructure consists of IT components, IT personnel, and IT services.
Business Pressure: The business environment is the combination of social, legal, economic, physical, and political factors that affect business activities.
Significant changes in any of these factor are likely to create business pressure on the organization.
The three types of business pressures faced are: market, technology, and societal pressures.
Market Pressures:
-The global economy and strong competition
- The changing nature of the workforce
- powerful customers
Technology Pressures:
- Technological Innovation and Obsolescence
- Information Overload
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